Global Journal of Digestive Diseases

Description

Haemorrhoids, also known as piles, are a common medical condition that affects millions of people worldwide. They are swollen and inflamed blood vessels located in the rectum and anus. While haemorrhoids can be uncomfortable and painful, they are generally not a serious health concern. In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for haemorrhoids. Putting excessive pressure on the rectal area while passing stools can lead to the development of haemorrhoids. Chronic constipation or diarrhoea: People who regularly experience constipation or diarrhoea are more prone to developing haemorrhoids. The increased pressure on the pelvic region during pregnancy can cause haemorrhoids to form. Being overweight or obese puts extra pressure on the veins in the rectal area, increasing the risk of developing haemorrhoids. Lack of physical activity and sitting for extended periods can contribute to the development of haemorrhoids. As people age, the tissues supporting the veins in the rectal area can weaken, making them more susceptible to haemorrhoids. The symptoms of haemorrhoids can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Some common Treatment for haemorrhoids depends on the severity of the condition and the symptoms experienced. Here are some common treatment options: Making changes to your daily habits can often provide relief from haemorrhoids. This includes increasing fiber intake, drinking plenty of water, and incorporating regular physical activity into your routine to prevent constipation. Topical creams and ointments: Over-thecounter creams and ointments can help reduce itching and inflammation. These products typically contain ingredients such as hydrocortisone or witch hazel, which provide temporary relief. Sitting in warm water for about 10 to 15 minutes several times a day can help alleviate symptoms and promote healing. Adding Epsom salts to the bathwater can also provide additional relief. In some cases, doctors may prescribe medications such as oral pain relievers, stool softeners, or suppositories to reduce discomfort and ease bowel movements. Minimally invasive procedures: If conservative measures do not provide relief, several minimally invasive procedures can be performed to treat haemorrhoids.

Swelling or Lump near the Anus

These include rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, and coagulation techniques, which aim to shrink or remove the haemorrhoids. In severe cases or when other treatments fail, surgical intervention may be required. Surgical procedures for haemorrhoids include haemorrhoidectomy (removal of haemorrhoids) and stapled haemorrhoidopexy (repositioning and stapling of haemorrhoidal tissue). While haemorrhoids can be challenging to prevent entirely, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk: Maintain a healthy weight: Avoiding obesity and maintaining a healthy weight can help minimize the pressure on your rectal veins. Consuming a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can promote regular bowel movements and reduce the risk of constipation. Drinking an adequate amount of water each day can soften stools and make them easier to pass. Engaging in regular physical activity can improve bowel function and help prevent haemorrhoids. Avoid prolonged sitting or standing: Take breaks and move around if your job requires sitting or standing for long periods. In conclusion, haemorrhoids are a common condition that can cause discomfort and pain, but they are usually not serious. By understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for haemorrhoids, individuals can take preventive measures and seek appropriate medical care if needed. It's important to remember that if you experience persistent or severe symptoms, it's always best to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plan. Strain during bowel movements: Chronic constipation or diarrhea can strain the rectal area, leading to the formation of haemorrhoids. Increased pressure on the rectal veins during pregnancy can result in haemorrhoids. Lack of physical activity and prolonged sitting can contribute to haemorrhoidal symptoms. Excess weight can place additional pressure on the rectal area, increasing the risk of haemorrhoid development. The risk of haemorrhoids tends to increase with age due to weakened tissues and decreased muscle tone. A lowfiber diet and inadequate fluid intake can lead to constipation, which may contribute to haemorrhoid formation. Haemorrhoids may present with various symptoms, including: Rectal bleeding:Bright red blood may appear on toilet paper or in the toilet bowl after a bowel movement. The affected area may become itchy and uncomfortable. Pain or discomfort: External haemorrhoids can cause pain or discomfort during bowel movements. Internal haemorrhoids may protrude outside the anus, leading to a bulge or lump. To diagnose haemorrhoids, a healthcare professional may perform a physical examination of the anal area and may recommend additional tests, such as a colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy, to rule out other potential causes. The treatment approach for haemorrhoids depends on the severity of the condition.

Leakage of Feces

Mild to moderate cases can often be managed with conservative measures, Dietary modifications: Increasing fiber intake and staying adequately hydrated can help soften stools and promote regular bowel movements. Topical treatments: Over-the-counter creams, ointments, or suppositories can provide relief from itching and discomfort.

Soaking the anal area in warm water for 10 to 15 minutes several times a day can alleviate symptoms. Regular exercise and avoiding prolonged sitting can reduce pressure on the rectal area. For more severe cases or those that do not respond to conservative treatments, medical interventions may be necessary. A procedure in which a rubber band is placed around the base of the hemorrhoid, cutting off its blood supply and causing it to wither and fall off. Injecting a chemical solution into the haemorrhoid to shrink it. Infrared coagulation: The use of heat to coagulate the blood vessels, causing the hemorrhoid to shrink. Haemorrhoidectomy: Surgical removal of haemorrhoids. Prevention plays a vital role in managing haemorrhoids and reducing the risk of recurrence. Some preventive measures include: Maintaining a high-fiber diet: Consuming fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help prevent constipation. Drinking plenty of water: Staying hydrated softens stools and facilitates regular bowel movements. Avoiding prolonged sitting: Taking breaks and incorporating physical activity into daily routines helps reduce pressure on the rectal area.